摘要:分析了焦作矿务局九里山矿放顶煤工作面沿底掘进及开采期间各生产工序瓦斯涌出规律.与顶分层开采对比,放顶煤开采相对瓦斯涌出量降低,绝对瓦斯涌出量增加倍数小于产量提高倍数,各生产工序以放煤时瓦斯涌出量最大;沿顶掘巷的平均瓦斯涌出量是沿底掘巷的1.25倍,沿底掘进不增加突出危险性.
关 键 词:放顶煤;瓦斯涌出量;突出;预测
中图分类号:TD712.5 文献标识码:A 文章编号:10077332(1999)05032204
Analysis of gas emission law by sublevel caving minging atNo.14 zone in Jiulishan coal mine
HUANG Qiu1,Wu Tiejun1,XU Zhougyou1,FENG Yongjun2
(aozuo Coal Mine Bureau,of Henan prov.Jiaozuo 454000,China;2.Jiaozuo Coal Industrial school,of Henan prov.,Jiaozuo 454000,China)
Abstract:The gas emission law in each production process during the mining period at the sublevel caving face by driving along the roadway floor have been studied.With the caving mining method(comparing with the caving slicing method),the relative gas emission rate has decreased,and the increasing rate of the absolute gas emission is less than that of the output,but the gas emission rate is maximum in each production process during the drawing.When driving along the roof,the average gas emission rate is 1.25 times than that of driving along the floor.Namely,the outburst will not increase when driving along the floor.
Key words:sublevel caving coal;gas emission rate;outburst;prediction
1 工作面概况
九里山矿1402工作面为14采区首采面,北以冲积层防水煤柱为界,南以-80m标高为界,东以14轨道上山为界,西以井田边界防水煤柱线为界,与演马庄矿相邻.
煤层上覆岩层伪顶为泥岩,厚0.35~2.0m,直接顶为粉砂岩,厚2.73m,老顶为砂岩,直接底为粉砂岩.工作面煤层赋存比较稳定,结构简单,煤层倾角为12~14°,煤层厚度为4.8~8.13m,平均5.77m,煤层上部是软分层,厚0.3~1.0m,中部为硬煤,有夹矸,底部软分层厚0.3m左右.工作面位于矿井始突标高以上(始突标高-80m),瓦斯含量为9.8m3/t,采用下行通风.1998年1月至4月顶分层回采期间,绝对瓦斯涌出量为1.68m3/min,采掘期间无瓦斯动力现象.后由里向外分段进行放顶煤巷道改造,巷道和开切眼均沿底布置,两巷分别上错18m和35m,改造的放顶煤面走向长90m,倾斜长100m,距上风道30m,仅回采底分层,下段70m进行放顶煤开采,采高1.7m,放煤高度3.1~6.43m,循环进度为1.0m,用全部垮落法管理顶板.回采工艺流程为:炮采底分层→铺顶网→放顶→注水、预裂爆破→放煤→推槽.
2 掘进巷道期间突出预测及瓦斯涌出对比分析
1402顶分层工作面下风道最低标高-79.92m,位于始突标高以上,下风道和下改造巷掘进期间,采用R值指标法〔1〕预测突出危险性,R临界值定为6.
2.1 突出预测指标对比
顶分层工作面下风道掘进期间,共预测32次,R值最大0.7,平均0.6,预测值无一次超指标;沿底掘进同标高的下改造巷期间,共预测了16次,R值最大0.7,平均0.6,预测值无一次超指标,可见,沿顶掘进和沿底掘进突出预测指标相同,沿底掘进不增加突出危险性.
2.2 瓦斯涌出对比
下改造巷掘进期间绝对瓦斯涌出量平均值为0.71m3/min,最大值为0.92m3/min;与之对应的顶层面下风道掘进期间绝对瓦斯涌出量平均值为0.89m3/min,最大值为1.404m3/min.沿顶掘巷的平均瓦斯涌出量是沿底掘巷的1.25倍,最大值为1.53倍.
二1煤层的赋存特征是煤层顶板以下有0.5~1.0m的软分层,煤层底板以上有0.2~0.3m的酥煤,其余煤质均为硬煤,在软分层内瓦斯放散速度更快〔2〕,沿顶掘巷断面内软分层占1/3以上,而沿底掘巷断面内软分